1. Conditional Statements
if-else
- Used to execute code based on conditions.
- Provides alternative paths based on different conditions.
- Example:
- if (condition) { … } else if (anotherCondition) { … } else { … }
switch
- Provides a way to execute different actions based on the value of a variable.
- Offers a cleaner alternative to nested if-else statements for multiple conditions.
- Example:
- switch (variable) { case value1: … break; case value2: … break; default: … break; }
2. Loops
for Loop
- Iterates a statement or a block of statements repeatedly until a specified condition is met.
- Typically used when the number of iterations is known.
- Example:
- for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++) { … }
while Loop
- Repeats a statement or a block of statements while a given condition is true.
- Example:
- while (condition) { … }
do-while Loop
- Executes a block of statements repeatedly until a specified condition becomes false.
- Example:
- do { … } while (condition);
foreach Loop
- Iterates over a collection of items such as arrays or collections.
- Simplifies iteration without explicitly initializing a counter variable.
- Example:
- foreach (type variable in collection) { … }
